Committee Summary for House Science, Technology and Energy (01/14/2025)

Bill/Time	Type	Title	Sponsor
Unclear 00:01:09.479 - 8:00:46 AM	General Working Session	Unclear
HB106 06:35:06.600 - 2:34:43 PM	Public Hearing	establishing a commission to determine the monetary costs of climate damage to the state of New Hampshire and the best means of recouping such costs.	Caplan, Tony(D)[D-]2025

Unclear: Chair of the Committee Information Only00:01:09.479 - 8:00:46 AM; The Chair opened the meeting, noting that the committee's name had been proposed to change to emphasize energy but was not accepted by the rules committee. The Chair also mentioned that the meeting would start with the Pledge of Allegiance and that Representative Cat McGee would lead it.
Unclear: Chair of the Committee Information Only00:02:00.200 - 8:01:37 AM; The Chair welcomed the Department of Environmental Services (DES) for a 90-minute presentation and mentioned that there would be opportunities for questions after different topics.
Unclear: Adam Crepo, Assistant Commissioner, Department of Environmental Services Information Only00:03:03.560 - 8:02:40 AM; Adam Crepo introduced the presentation by giving an overview of the DES, stating its mission to sustain a high quality of life by protecting the environment and public health in New Hampshire. He highlighted the balance between environmental protection and economic strength. Crepo mentioned the department's structure, including the Commissioner's office, waste management, water, and air resources divisions. He also discussed the challenges faced by the department, such as the maintenance of state-owned dams, the need for sustainable funding, and the department's efforts to improve permitting processes.
Unclear: Adam Crepo, Assistant Commissioner, Department of Environmental Services Information Only00:10:11.440 - 8:09:48 AM; Crepo continued by detailing the department's initiatives, such as the need for $155 million annually to maintain state-owned dams on a 50-year cycle, and the department's efforts to streamline permitting processes to meet a 60-day timeframe. He also discussed the significant infrastructure funding received through ARPA, BIL, and IRA, and the ongoing work to address emerging contaminants like PFAS.
Unclear: Corey Clark, Chief Engineer, Dam Bureau, New Hampshire Department of Environmental Services Information Only00:15:06.079 - 8:14:43 AM; Corey Clark provided an overview of the Dam Bureau's responsibilities, including the inspection and permitting of over 2,600 dams in New Hampshire. He discussed the classification of dams (high, significant, low hazard, and non-menace) and the bureau's sections: safety and inspection, operation and maintenance, and engineering and construction. Clark also highlighted the state's ownership of 276 dams and the need for $414 million to bring these up to current standards over the next 50 years.
Unclear: Craig Wright, Director, Air Resources Division, New Hampshire Department of Environmental Services Information Only01:01:23.480 - 9:01:00 AM; Craig Wright introduced the Air Resources Division, mentioning its role in implementing federal Clean Air Act programs and state laws. He highlighted the division's three bureaus and its responsibilities, such as air monitoring, permitting, and enforcement. Wright also discussed the division's funding sources, primarily from fees and federal grants, and the importance of maintaining air quality standards to avoid economic impacts.
Unclear: Mike Fitzgerald, Assistant Director, Air Resources Division, New Hampshire Department of Environmental Services Information Only01:02:23.720 - 9:02:00 AM; Mike Fitzgerald discussed the division's work on mobile sources, energy, and climate programs. He detailed the implementation of the Diesel Emission Reduction Act and the Volkswagen settlement, which provided funding for EV charging infrastructure. Fitzgerald also talked about the Climate Pollution Reduction Grant and the Heat Pump Accelerator Program, aimed at incentivizing over 500,000 heat pump installations in New England.
Unclear: Mike Fitzgerald, Assistant Director, Air Resources Division, New Hampshire Department of Environmental Services Information Only01:33:11.199 - 9:32:48 AM; Fitzgerald continued by discussing the Regional Greenhouse Gas Initiative (RGGI), explaining how it works as a cap-and-trade program to reduce greenhouse gas emissions from power plants. He highlighted that New Hampshire's participation in RGGI results in rebates to energy users, making it economically beneficial to stay in the program.
Unclear: Katherine Beam, Administrator, Air Resources Division, New Hampshire Department of Environmental Services Information Only01:38:17.679 - 9:37:54 AM; Katherine Beam provided an update on PFAS-related statutory changes, including Senate Bill 309 and House Bill 1546. She detailed the department's actions, such as issuing a permit to St. Gobain Performance Plastics in Merrimack and the ongoing investigation into other potential industrial sources of PFAS. Beam also discussed the development of a stack testing plan to evaluate PFAS emissions from certain devices and the annual review of peer-reviewed studies on PFAS inhalation exposure.
Unclear: Representative Wendy Thomas Information Only01:44:20.239 - 9:43:57 AM; Representative Wendy Thomas inquired about the timeline for increasing the monitoring of PFAS chemicals in New Hampshire. She was informed that while there are thousands of PFAS chemicals, the focus is on evaluating their health impacts, which is an ongoing area of research. The New Hampshire Department of Environmental Services is required to submit annual reports to the legislature reviewing scientific literature and making recommendations on standards.
Unclear: Katherine Beam, Administrator, Air Resources Division, New Hampshire Department of Environmental Services Information Only01:45:23.480 - 9:45:00 AM; Katherine Beam responded to Representative Wendy Thomas's query on PFAS monitoring, stating that New Hampshire is closely monitoring federal standards proposed by the EPA and coordinates with them. She mentioned that the department had submitted their annual report, making no changes to current standards due to ongoing EPA evaluations. She also discussed air quality issues, mentioning the unique challenge of air pollutants affecting groundwater and the state's pioneering efforts in managing this.
Unclear: Representative Schneller Information Only01:47:49.080 - 9:47:26 AM; Representative Schneller asked about the implications of not participating in RGGI (Regional Greenhouse Gas Initiative), to which it was explained that non-participation would result in paying costs without receiving any financial returns, as the costs are embedded in the wholesale cost of electricity.
Unclear: Heidi Croll, J. Grimble Strategic Solutions, representing Granite State Hydro Power Association Information Only01:50:51.639 - 9:50:28 AM; Heidi Croll introduced the Granite State Hydro Power Association (GSHA), a nonprofit trade association for small-scale hydropower plants in New Hampshire. She highlighted the association's members' contributions to local economies, environmental cleanliness, and public safety through their operations. Croll also discussed the reliability and affordability of hydropower, its role as a complement to intermittent renewable energy sources, and invited committee members to tour facilities.
Unclear: Meline Mano, Chief Operating Officer, Essex Hydro, representing Granite State Hydro Power Association Information Only01:58:00.800 - 9:57:37 AM; Meline Mano, representing Essex Hydro, discussed the challenges facing the hydropower industry, including regulatory oversight and the costs associated with relicensing. She explained the importance of maintaining dams and the significant investments required for fish passages due to shifting focus species and environmental regulations. Mano also highlighted the role of hydropower in group net metering and the Renewable Portfolio Standard, and the ongoing efforts to improve dam safety and infrastructure through federal grants.
Unclear: Heidi Croll, J. Grimble Strategic Solutions, representing Granite State Hydro Power Association Information Only02:12:54.159 - 10:12:31 AM; Heidi Croll added further context to Meline Mano's presentation, emphasizing the high costs of fish passage improvements, such as the $13 million price tag at Kelly Falls. She also mentioned the long and costly relicensing processes and the benefits of net metering to state agencies, which allow them to partake in savings from local hydro power.
Unclear: Meline Mano, Chief Operating Officer, Essex Hydro, representing Granite State Hydro Power Association Information Only02:15:22.760 - 10:14:59 AM; Meline Mano responded to a question about the potential of using reservoirs as battery storage, explaining that it doesn't cost anything to store water in reservoirs but regulatory agencies prefer steady water levels to minimize environmental impacts. She discussed how reservoirs could be used to generate power during peak demand times, suggesting a potential value but not providing a specific figure.
Unclear: Meline Mano, Chief Operating Officer, Essex Hydro, representing Granite State Hydro Power Association Information Only02:15:22.760 - 10:14:59 AM; Meline Mano concluded her discussion on the operations and financial aspects of small hydro facilities in New Hampshire. She highlighted the importance of Renewable Energy Certificates (RECs) and group net metering for the sustainability of these operations. She also discussed the complexities and costs associated with fish passage requirements and the impact of historic preservation regulations on operational efficiency. Additionally, she responded to questions about the financial structure and potential funding mechanisms for infrastructure upgrades such as spillways, emphasizing the reliance on private capital and loans. She noted the significance of cross-qualifying projects in multiple states to mitigate policy risk.
Unclear: Representative McGee Information Only02:20:09.560 - 10:19:46 AM; Representative McGee inquired about the impact of Renewable Portfolio Standards (RPS) on the financial margins of small hydro operations in New Hampshire, particularly in light of bills proposing to phase out the RPS. Meline Mano explained that the RPS, specifically class four for small hydro, provides an additional revenue stream of two to three cents per kilowatt hour, which is crucial for maintaining operational margins.
Unclear: Representative Wendy Thomas Information Only02:27:17.439 - 10:26:54 AM; Representative Wendy Thomas asked about the implications of listing hydro facilities on the National Register of Historic Places, noting that such a designation could limit modifications and affect efficiency. Meline Mano responded that while some facilities have historical value, the listing imposes practical operational challenges, such as restrictions on updating infrastructure like doors and windows.
Unclear: Representative Ros Information Only02:29:08.560 - 10:28:45 AM; Representative Ros requested detailed information on the revenue streams generated by group net metering for hydro facilities, highlighting the need for the committee to understand the financial benefits to local businesses and municipalities. Meline Mano agreed to discuss this further in a personal meeting with Representative Ros, citing the confidentiality and competitiveness of individual contracts.
Unclear: Representative Schneller Information Only02:31:56.200 - 10:31:33 AM; Representative Schneller asked about the standard capital structure and financing mechanisms for hydro facilities in New Hampshire, particularly regarding bonds and defaults. Meline Mano explained that each hydro project is unique and custom-built, requiring tailored engineering solutions, and that financing typically involves private capital or loans rather than bonds.
Unclear: Representative Kaplan Information Only02:34:32.960 - 10:34:09 AM; Representative Kaplan raised concerns about funding mechanisms for upgrading spillways in light of extreme weather events, referencing a bill he was set to present. Meline Mano discussed the reliance on private capital and loans for such upgrades, noting the high cost and regulatory oversight involved in dam safety.
Unclear: Representative Swanson Information Only02:37:05.760 - 10:36:42 AM; Representative Swanson compared his personal solar system to hydro operations, inquiring about the impact of losing RECs on hydro facilities. Meline Mano emphasized the importance of RECs for the financial viability of small hydro operations, suggesting that their loss could be detrimental, particularly for smaller facilities.
Unclear: Unnamed Speaker Information Only02:41:39.720 - 10:41:16 AM; An unnamed speaker provided procedural updates on amendments and executive sessions. They clarified that prime sponsors can bring amendments to public hearings, while non-prime sponsors must include suggested amendments in written testimony. They also discussed a recent rule change allowing for executive sessions to be called at any time if noticed in the calendar, aimed at efficient use of committee time.
Unclear: Eric Johnson, ISO New England Information Only04:03:18.520 - 12:02:55 PM; Eric Johnson, the executive director of external affairs for ISO New England, alongside Nathan Rake from the external affairs team, provided an overview of ISO New England's role and operations. They highlighted their mission, which is defined by the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission (FERC), focusing on planning the transmission system, administering wholesale markets, and operating the bulk power system. Johnson also discussed their vision statement, which aligns with the direction of New England states and acknowledges the integration of new technologies. He emphasized ISO's independence and neutrality in the market and outlined their three critical roles: grid operation, market administration, and power system planning.
Unclear: Nathan Rake, ISO New England Information Only04:04:57.800 - 12:04:34 PM; Nathan Rake elaborated on ISO New England's organizational aspects and regulatory framework, mentioning their oversight by the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission (FERC) and their role as the reliability coordinator under the North American Electric Reliability Corporation (NERC). He detailed ISO's independence from market participants and their three key roles. Rake also discussed ISO's wider regional connections, specifically mentioning the Eastern Interconnection and ties with Quebec, and the shift in the New England system from a summer peaking system to a potential winter peaking system due to electrification.
Unclear: Eric Johnson, ISO New England Information Only04:08:28.520 - 12:08:05 PM; Eric Johnson continued the presentation by discussing the impact of solar energy on the New England power system. He explained that behind-the-meter solar installations reduce the demand seen by ISO operators, as they are not directly connected to the bulk power system. Johnson highlighted the growth of solar installations, with over 300,000 across the region and a capacity of about 6,500 megawatts. He also mentioned that the growth is attributed to incentives from New England states.
Unclear: Representative Ros Information Only04:09:52.600 - 12:09:29 PM; Representative Ros asked for clarification on whether the solar numbers presented by ISO New England included behind-the-meter solar or larger scale solar directly supplying the grid. Eric Johnson confirmed that the forecast included both types of solar installations.
Unclear: Representative Kaplan Information Only04:10:49.720 - 12:10:26 PM; Representative Kaplan inquired about the value of distributed solar to the market, specifically how the reduced demand from solar affects the market. Eric Johnson responded by showing a graph illustrating the impact of solar on the bulk power system, noting that most solar resources do not participate in the market but are part of state-level net metering programs.
Unclear: Representative Ros Information Only04:11:50.520 - 12:11:27 PM; Representative Ros asked if the significant reduction in demand due to behind-the-meter solar translates into reduced consumption of natural gas and value for ratepayers. Eric Johnson confirmed that solar reduces the need for natural gas, especially during constrained winter conditions, indirectly benefiting consumers.
Unclear: Vice Chair Thomas Information Only04:14:00.560 - 12:13:37 PM; Vice Chair Thomas asked for a yearly average graph to better understand the solar impact on the power system. Eric Johnson agreed to provide the committee with the requested data.
Unclear: Representative Parall Information Only04:14:57.560 - 12:14:34 PM; Representative Parall questioned the change in peak demand times due to solar, noting a dip in demand at traditional peak times. Eric Johnson explained that solar has shifted the peak demand, causing a lower demand in the afternoon and a steeper ramp-up in the evening.
Unclear: Representative Parall Information Only04:16:52.199 - 12:16:29 PM; Representative Parall followed up on the impact of solar on the bulk power system, particularly on gas operators. Eric Johnson described the flexibility of gas plants in responding to solar-induced demand changes and the challenges of forecasting solar output for system operations.
Unclear: Eric Johnson, ISO New England Information Only04:18:27.760 - 12:18:04 PM; Eric Johnson concluded the presentation by discussing the generator interconnection study process, showing a chart of proposed resources waiting to connect to the grid. He noted a shift in the types of resources in the queue, from gas to wind, battery storage, and solar, driven by state policies. Johnson emphasized that ISO's role is to ensure these connections do not adversely impact the grid.
Unclear: Representative Swanson Information Only04:20:53.199 - 12:20:30 PM; Representative Swanson asked for clarification on the time horizon associated with the proposals discussed, indicating that the proposals do not reflect the current state but are part of a future vision. The response to Swanson's query involved a detailed explanation of the project queue process, including initial and more in-depth engineering studies that could take years to complete.
Unclear: Representative Corman Information Only04:22:22.239 - 12:21:59 PM; Representative Corman did not have a question but was mentioned in the context of other representatives asking questions.
Unclear: Representative Vice Chair Thomas Information Only04:23:13.319 - 12:22:50 PM; Representative Vice Chair Thomas inquired about a slide that showed base loads and future mega wattage projections, which was not included in the current presentation. The speaker agreed to provide this information in a follow-up to the committee, emphasizing the importance of understanding the balance between proposed projects and existing resources.
Unclear: Representative McGee Information Only04:23:41.880 - 12:23:18 PM; Representative McGee discussed the significant proposed battery storage shown in the chart, questioning if this could be a game-changer for managing peak times. The response indicated that while the proposed battery storage is substantial, it is mostly short-duration and not a complete solution for long-term energy storage needs.
Unclear: Representative Matson Information Only04:25:34.600 - 12:25:11 PM; Representative Matson raised concerns about reliability, noting that the proposed renewable and battery backup solutions are not sufficient for just-in-time energy needs. The response highlighted the current reliance on existing resources like natural gas and nuclear power for continuous supply, alongside imports and other resources.
Unclear: Representative Bernardi Information Only04:26:27.640 - 12:26:04 PM; Representative Bernardi expressed concerns about the future of base load power as existing resources like gas and nuclear age out, noting the lack of replacement in the current chart. The response suggested that existing nuclear and gas plants are expected to continue operating for many years, with potential future additions like small modular nuclear reactors.
Unclear: Representative Summers Information Only04:28:06.279 - 12:27:43 PM; Representative Summers discussed New Hampshire's electricity production and consumption relative to other New England states, questioning how state policies impact the region's resource mix. The response explained that while other states are investing in renewable projects like offshore wind, New Hampshire has not committed to similar procurements, yet could still be affected indirectly by regional shifts in resource mix.
Unclear: Unnamed Speaker Information Only04:31:11.239 - 12:30:48 PM; The speaker discusses the procurement process for resources, using wind as an example, and explains that the same process applies to battery storage. They highlight that the interconnection queue is a snapshot of what market actors and private capital are bringing forward to build new generation in the region, influenced by state policies. Representative Reos seeks clarification on whether the ISO solicits these projects or if they are market-driven, to which the speaker confirms that the ISO does not solicit but the market brings these projects forward.
Unclear: Unnamed Speaker Information Only04:33:01.640 - 12:32:38 PM; The speaker explains that proposals to connect resources from outside New England, such as the New England Clean Energy Connect project from Quebec to Maine, are evaluated for reliability but not planned by the ISO. They discuss the challenges of developing energy infrastructure in New England and mention the ISO's responsibility to forecast transmission needs for the next 5 to 10 years based on various factors including economic data, state policies, and weather.
Unclear: Unnamed Speaker Information Only04:34:55.958 - 12:34:32 PM; The speaker details the transmission planning process, which includes an annual forecast to predict electricity demand for the next 10 years. They note the shift in transmission needs from meeting peak demand growth to supporting state-driven public policy goals. The process is open to the public, but there are restrictions on critical infrastructure information. The speaker mentions the Regional System Plan (RSP) and the ISO's authorization to look beyond a 10-year horizon due to state goals on electrification and decarbonization.
Unclear: Unnamed Speaker Information Only04:36:44.680 - 12:36:21 PM; The speaker elaborates on the 2050 Transmission Study, which was developed in coordination with the New England states, including New Hampshire, to explore scenarios for supporting the electrification of transportation and heating. They discuss how the study shows a potential doubling of demand on the grid by 2050, shifting to a winter peaking system, and the need for new transmission development to meet these goals.
Unclear: Unnamed Speaker Information Only04:39:11.118 - 12:38:48 PM; The speaker discusses an economic planning study titled 'Economic Planning for the Clean Energy Transition,' which models the system based on state policy goals for deep carbon emissions reductions. They explain the study's focus on balancing economics, carbon profile, and reliability, and highlight the challenges of variable supply and demand, the difficulty of full decarbonization in winter, and the need for vast renewable buildouts to meet demand.
Unclear: Unnamed Speaker Information Only04:46:42.160 - 12:46:19 PM; The speaker continues discussing the economic planning study, emphasizing the need for dispatchable resources to maintain reliability as the region moves towards a system dominated by weather-dependent renewable resources. They address questions about the need for pipeline gas, noting that New England is constrained but decisions on fuel infrastructure are outside the ISO's jurisdiction.
Unclear: Unnamed Speaker Information Only04:48:31.558 - 12:48:08 PM; The speaker responds to questions about the reliance on zero carbon decarbonization, explaining that the study is a scenario analysis based on state goals but acknowledges that other directions could be taken. They discuss the ISO's role in analyzing the electric system without planning fuel infrastructure, and the reliance on market incentives for resource development.
Unclear: Unnamed Speaker Information Only04:52:06.400 - 12:51:43 PM; The speaker addresses queries about net imports and confirms that a significant portion of New England's electricity comes from imports, primarily from Quebec. They explain how these imports flow into the New England pool and are influenced by market economics.
Unclear: Unnamed Speaker Information Only04:53:48.320 - 12:53:25 PM; The speaker discusses climate resiliency, noting that while not explicitly within their purview, the ISO has developed tools like the Probabilistic Energy Adequacy Tool (PEAT) to study extreme weather impacts. They explain how these tools help plan for future reliability and discuss ongoing processes to assess regional energy shortfall risks.
Unclear: Unnamed Speaker Information Only04:56:27.520 - 12:56:04 PM; The speaker responds to questions about the PEAT tool's public accessibility and the flow of electricity imports from Quebec into New Hampshire. They clarify that while the tool is public, the electricity imports are part of the broader New England pool and not specifically directed to New Hampshire.
Unclear: Unnamed Speaker Information Only04:57:41.558 - 12:57:18 PM; The speaker addresses inquiries about the ISO's auctions and funding. They explain that the ISO operates as a nonprofit, recovering costs through a tariff filed with the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission (FERC). They discuss the budget approval process and the daily energy and forward capacity auctions, emphasizing that the ISO does not control out-of-market agreements.
Unclear: Unnamed Speaker Information Only05:01:22.120 - 1:00:59 PM; The speaker discusses a cold snap event on Christmas Eve, clarifying that New England was not close to rolling blackouts, unlike other parts of the country. They explain the retirement of the Mystic plants and how other resources would need to compensate for their absence, mentioning the ISO's lack of authority to prevent plant retirements or mandate new construction.
Unclear: Unnamed Speaker Information Only05:01:22.120 - 1:00:59 PM; The speaker was finishing their testimony on the environment and related issues, discussing the management of emergency blackout procedures by ISO New England. They highlighted the importance of preparing for potential rolling blackouts due to severe winter weather and the ISO's role in managing the grid to prevent such events.
Unclear: Unnamed Speaker Information Only05:04:18.160 - 1:03:55 PM; The speaker continued to discuss the ISO New England's role in managing the grid. They explained the process of resource stacking, where resources are ordered from highest to lowest price and called upon based on demand. They emphasized the ISO's responsibility to maintain grid stability, even during emergencies, by managing demand and supply effectively.
Unclear: Unnamed Speaker Information Only05:05:08.680 - 1:04:45 PM; The speaker further elaborated on the ISO New England's emergency procedures, which include instructing utilities to reduce demand if necessary. They stressed the importance of these procedures in preventing widespread outages and maintaining grid stability, even though they have never been needed.
Unclear: Representative Swanson Information Only05:08:20.878 - 1:07:57 PM; Representative Swanson asked about the absence of nuclear energy proposals in the ISO's plans, expressing surprise given nuclear's attributes. The response highlighted the economic challenges and public perception issues associated with nuclear energy development, including the high costs and the need for community acceptance.
Unclear: Unnamed Speaker from ISO New England Information Only05:11:01.798 - 1:10:38 PM; The speaker from ISO New England invited the committee to visit their operations center to learn more about grid management and other related topics. They emphasized the value of such visits for both the committee and ISO New England.
Unclear: Michael Lata, Eversource Energy Information Only05:12:54.400 - 1:12:31 PM; Michael Lata introduced the joint utilities presentation, focusing on Eversource's role within the group. He discussed the company's operations across New England, their divestiture of power plants in 2015, and the various components of customer bills, including default service rates, distribution charges, and other fees.
Unclear: Griffin Roberge, Eversource Information Only05:14:28.000 - 1:14:05 PM; Griffin Roberge provided an overview of Eversource's services in New Hampshire, detailing their customer base, employee numbers, and infrastructure. He also discussed their efforts in system reliability and restoration processes during outages, emphasizing communication with state and local officials.
Unclear: Michael Lata, Eversource Energy Information Only05:37:13.360 - 1:36:50 PM; Michael Lata concluded the Eversource presentation by discussing the increasing frequency and severity of storms, which pose challenges to utility operations. He highlighted Eversource's efforts to restore power quickly despite these challenges and the importance of managing customer expectations.
Unclear: Representative Wendy Thomas Information Only05:25:48.680 - 1:25:25 PM; Representative Wendy Thomas inquired about the rate-setting process for utilities, asking if it involved negotiation or was based on proven statistics. The response detailed the process, which involves a test year, documentation of spending, and regulatory review to adjust rates based on the utility's earnings and allowed rate of return.
Unclear: Representative Vice Chair Thomas Information Only05:28:38.600 - 1:28:15 PM; Vice Chair Thomas sought clarification on the costs reflected in customer bills, specifically asking about the calculation for a typical usage of 600 kilowatt hours. The response confirmed the total cost for such usage and broke down the components contributing to the bill.
Unclear: Representative Nutter Information Only05:30:31.160 - 1:30:08 PM; Representative Nutter questioned whether the divestiture of Eversource's generation assets had resulted in lower energy costs for ratepayers. The response indicated that the goal of divestiture was to save customers money by not investing in older, less competitive plants, though actual savings were not quantified in the immediate response.
Unclear: Representative Corman Information Only05:31:13.280 - 1:30:50 PM; Representative Corman asked about the inclusion of net metering costs in the stranded cost recovery charge and how it affects customer bills. The response clarified that net metering compensation flows through the stranded cost recovery charge, and reductions in demand due to net metering are accounted for in load settlement processes.
Unclear: Alec Omera, Unitil - Director of External Affairs Information Only05:43:48.120 - 1:43:25 PM; Alec Omera, Director of External Affairs at Unitil, provided an overview of Unitil's operations in New Hampshire. He highlighted that Unitil serves approximately 78,000 electric customers and 37,000 natural gas customers in the state, with headquarters in Hampton, NH. He discussed Unitil's service territories, including the greater Concord area and the Seacoast region, and mentioned the company's plans to purchase Bangor Natural Gas, which would expand their customer base. Omera emphasized Unitil's commitment to their mission and vision, focusing on reliable and affordable energy services, and discussed their approach to customer communication during storms and the structure of their bills. He also talked about Unitil's investment in a 5-megawatt solar array in Kingston, NH, and their efforts to reduce emissions and maintain system reliability.
Unclear: Representative Summers Information Only06:00:26.798 - 2:00:03 PM; Representative Summers inquired about the natural gas service in their district, specifically asking why natural gas service bypasses Newton and South Hampton while being available in Plaistow. They also asked about the size of the solar farm in Kingston, to which Alec Omera responded that it occupies approximately 30 acres. Omera explained that natural gas expansion is approached pragmatically and is based on opportunities and customer interest along existing pipelines.
Unclear: Representative Schneller Information Only06:02:49.120 - 2:02:26 PM; Representative Schneller asked about the source of Unitil's natural gas. Alec Omera responded that Unitil's natural gas comes from the Tennessee gas pipeline and the Portland Maritimes pipeline, facing the same pipeline constraints as the rest of New England.
Unclear: Carolyn O'Connor, Liberty Utilities - Director of Government Affairs Information Only06:04:13.280 - 2:03:50 PM; Carolyn O'Connor introduced herself as the Director of Government Affairs for Liberty Utilities in New Hampshire and mentioned that she oversees the east region. She introduced Brad Marx and Meredith Verner, who would discuss Liberty's gas and electric operations. O'Connor noted that due to time constraints, their presentation would be streamlined but they were ready to provide detailed information upon request.
Unclear: Brad Marx, Liberty Utilities - Manager of Engineering for Energy North Information Only06:05:49.798 - 2:05:26 PM; Brad Marx provided an overview of Liberty Utilities' natural gas system in New Hampshire, serving approximately 100,000 customers across 32 communities. He described the system's reliance on the Tennessee gas pipeline and several LNG and propane air plants for winter support. Marx discussed the company's commitment to expanding natural gas service and the challenges of aging infrastructure, mentioning ongoing projects to replace leak-prone pipes and enhance system capacity.
Unclear: Representative Wendy Thomas Information Only06:11:44.840 - 2:11:21 PM; Representative Wendy Thomas asked about the safety and longevity of the plastic pipes used in Liberty Utilities' gas system. Brad Marx clarified that these pipes are high-density polyethylene, expected to last between 50 to 100 years, and do not contain PFAS.
Unclear: Meredith Verner, Liberty Utilities - Engineering Manager Information Only06:12:30.000 - 2:12:07 PM; Meredith Verner discussed Liberty Utilities' electric operations, serving about 47,000 customers primarily in the Salem and Lebanon areas. She highlighted the company's focus on reliability, explaining the System Average Interruption Frequency Index (SAIFI) and System Average Interruption Duration Index (SAIDI). Verner noted improvements in both indexes over the years, attributing this to investments in storm hardening and infrastructure upgrades.
Unclear: Representative Corman Information Only06:15:05.160 - 2:14:42 PM; Representative Corman verified that the numbers on the SAIDI chart represent minutes and humorously attributed the increased reliability to his personal actions of purchasing a generator after experiencing outages.
Unclear: Michael Jennings, New Hampshire Electric Cooperative - Interim President and CEO Information Only06:15:58.958 - 2:15:35 PM; Michael Jennings, Interim President and CEO of the New Hampshire Electric Cooperative, along with Peter Glenshaw, VP of Member Engagement, discussed the cooperative's history and mission. Founded in 1939 to bring electricity to rural areas, the cooperative now serves as the second largest electric utility in New Hampshire. Jennings highlighted the cooperative's nonprofit status, member ownership, and governance structure. He discussed the cooperative's strategic plan focusing on reliability, affordability, member experience, employee experience, and broadband services. Jennings noted their efforts in expanding broadband to rural areas and their commitment to providing competitive electricity rates and supply options.
Unclear: Representative Wendy Thomas Information Only06:23:19.680 - 2:22:56 PM; Representative Wendy Thomas requested contact information from Michael Jennings, which he agreed to provide.
Unclear: Representative Parshall Information Only06:24:05.400 - 2:23:42 PM; Representative Parshall inquired about the supply options available to New Hampshire Electric Cooperative customers, including default supply, community power, and third-party options. Michael Jennings confirmed that these options are available and emphasized the cooperative's commitment to facilitating the best choices for their members. Parshall also asked about the cooperative's line workers, to which Jennings explained that most are in-house and trained through their apprentice program, ensuring long-term employment and reliability.
Unclear: Unknown Information Only06:25:15.000 - 2:24:52 PM; The speaker, potentially from a utility cooperative, discusses the cooperative's approach to promoting end-use energy efficiency. They confirm participation in the New Hampshire Saves program and mention a system benefits charge similar to other utilities.
Unclear: Unknown Information Only06:26:05.558 - 2:25:42 PM; The speaker addresses a question about technology, specifically regarding the functionality of meters supplied to customers. They explain the use of an AMI metering system, noting that their cooperative was one of the first in the state to implement it, and discuss how it supports various metering programs like time-of-use, EV, solar, and net metering.
Unclear: Unknown Information Only06:27:05.120 - 2:26:42 PM; The speaker responds to a follow-up question about the additional benefits provided to customers by the AMI technology. They explain that while they offer options, they design rates to avoid cost sharing between rate classes, ensuring that costs are attributed to the correct classifications.
HB106: Representative Tony Kaplan, representing Henniker, Bradford, and Warner Support06:35:06.600 - 2:34:43 PM; Representative Kaplan introduces House Bill 106, which aims to establish a commission to assess the financial impact of climate change on New Hampshire and explore methods to recover these costs. He references the wildfires in Los Angeles as a reminder of potential environmental and human tragedies, and stresses the need for proactive measures against climate change. Kaplan discusses the scientific consensus on human-induced global warming and its increased probability of causing extreme weather events. He mentions the need to reduce emissions by 25% by 2030 and reach net zero by 2070 to stay below the critical 2°C warming mark. He cites the 2024 breach of the 1.5°C warming threshold and the financial implications of climate change, referencing a report by Munich Re on global insured losses. Kaplan also outlines potential proactive measures the commission might consider, such as infrastructure enhancements and health protections, and emphasizes the need for bipartisan fiscal responsibility in addressing these issues.
HB106: Unknown Information Only06:41:43.040 - 2:41:20 PM; The speaker questions Representative Kaplan about the data used to estimate that climate damage could cost New Hampshire billions of dollars. Kaplan refers to the New Hampshire Climate Assessment and the Center for Climate Integrity report, mentioning various costs including infrastructure, healthcare, and economic impacts like losses in agriculture and property due to sea level rise.
HB106: Representative Ner Oppose06:42:37.000 - 2:42:14 PM; Representative Ner challenges the reliability of past climate predictions, questioning why the committee should endorse the current prediction. Kaplan responds by clarifying that while specific events cannot be directly attributed to human-induced global warming, the science indicates a higher probability of such events in the future due to atmospheric warming.
HB106: Representative Wendy Thomas Information Only06:44:10.680 - 2:43:47 PM; Representative Wendy Thomas asked Representative Parall about the financial benefits to New Hampshire's industries like tourism, agriculture, and small businesses from the commission's work as outlined in the bill. She specifically inquired about the scope of damage assessment on page two, line 26. Representative Parall responded by highlighting the importance of understanding the actual damages to leading industries and the benefits of knowing these figures. He emphasized that the commission's work on adaptation and resilience could indirectly benefit these industries by improving infrastructure and public resources.
HB106: Representative Bernardi Information Only06:45:47.040 - 2:45:24 PM; Representative Bernardi questioned the alignment between the commission's responsibilities to study various scenarios and its task to propose legislation. He pointed out a disconnect between sections Roman 3 and Roman 5 of the bill, where one lists activities for study and the other talks about proposing legislation. Representative Parall clarified that the proposed legislation would focus on funding mechanisms to support the necessary work, acknowledging the need for clearer wording in the bill.
HB106: Representative Christine Cybert from Manchester's Ward 1, Hillsborough District 21 Support06:47:52.840 - 2:47:29 PM; Representative Christine Cybert expressed her support for HB 106, emphasizing the importance of conducting the study to understand and mitigate the financial impacts of climate-related damages on industries like agriculture, tourism, and small businesses. She highlighted the rising costs passed onto consumers, such as insurance rates, and stressed the need for a cost-benefit analysis to prepare and adapt. She also mentioned public demand for government action and recent local examples, like the financial burden on Hampton due to the causeway, to underline the bill's relevance.
HB106: Michael Sununu from Newfields, NH Oppose06:50:48.798 - 2:50:25 PM; Michael Sununu opposed HB 106, arguing that the bill's premise linking fossil fuel-based CO2 emissions to weather-related damages in New Hampshire is factually incorrect. He provided detailed analysis, citing historical data on flooding, hurricanes, and sea level rise, to argue that there is no direct correlation between CO2 emissions and the damages outlined in the bill. He referenced scientific reports and IPCC data to support his stance that attributing climate impacts to CO2 emissions is not justified. He concluded by recommending that the committee reject the bill due to its flawed premise and the potential economic impacts on energy consumers and businesses in the state.
HB106: Michael Sununu, Newfields, NH Information Only06:50:48.798 - 2:50:25 PM; Michael Sununu concluded his testimony, discussing damages associated with environmental events on a dollar-for-dollar basis. He engaged in a dialogue with Representative Swanson regarding the lack of mention of dollar costs in presented slides, focusing on customer outage restoration duration instead.
HB106: Unnamed Speaker Information Only06:59:31.680 - 2:59:08 PM; The unnamed speaker responded to Representative Swanson's question, discussing the absence of dollar costs in the presented slides and focused on the frequency and damage based on customer outage restoration duration. The speaker then addressed a question about CO2 levels in the atmosphere since 1950, mentioning Mauna Loa data and the lack of correlation between CO2 emissions and economic activity changes in 2020.
HB106: Bob Scully, Energy Marketers Association of New Hampshire, Propane Gas Association of New England, New Hampshire Motor Transport Association Oppose07:03:17.040 - 3:02:54 PM; Bob Scully, representing multiple associations, opposed HB 106, stating that it would negatively impact the fossil fuel industries, which are crucial for heating homes and businesses and for transportation in New Hampshire. He highlighted the potential job losses and economic impact, referencing similar legislation in Vermont that faced legal challenges.
HB106: Dan Huberman, Laconia, NH Support07:07:35.478 - 3:07:12 PM; Dan Huberman, a retired psychiatrist from Laconia, supported HB 106 by discussing the health effects of air pollution from fossil fuels, including personal experiences with his wife's asthma exacerbated by wildfires. He cited statistics on the costs and premature deaths due to air pollution in New Hampshire and emphasized the toxic effects of pollutants on health, including mental health issues.
HB106: Steven Clu, Bedford, NH Oppose07:11:46.478 - 3:11:23 PM; Steven Clu, a retired risk assessor from Bedford, opposed HB 106, questioning the existence of climate damage attributable to fossil fuels in New Hampshire. He criticized the reliability of climate models and the proposed commission's ability to accurately allocate costs for alleged damages. He expressed concerns about the potential economic burden on citizens and the state's economy.
HB106: Unnamed Speaker, Bedford, NH Oppose07:17:25.320 - 3:17:02 PM; The speaker opposes the establishment of a commission as outlined in the bill, arguing that it would not have any significant effect or lead to any actionable decisions. They believe that previous testimonies have already highlighted the ineffectiveness of such a commission.
HB106: Dr. CLA Information Only07:18:15.638 - 3:17:52 PM; Dr. CLA responded to Representative Swanson's questions about their expertise. They confirmed having taken courses in meteorology and worked with meteorologists and foresters on various models related to air quality. Although not a meteorologist, they have a broad understanding of the field, comparing it to not needing to be a plumber to fix one's own plumbing.
HB106: Laura Magus, Concord, NH Support07:19:52.440 - 3:19:29 PM; Laura Magus, a resident of Concord since 1997, spoke in favor of the bill. She moved to New Hampshire from Atlanta for the snow and skiing, but has noticed a significant reduction in snow over the years, which she attributes to climate change. She expressed frustration over New Hampshire's lack of action on climate change and the influence of fossil fuel companies in causing and covering up climate disruption. She believes the bill is important for addressing these issues.
HB106: Marjorie Pim, Epping, NH Support07:23:17.398 - 3:22:54 PM; Marjorie Pim, a retired public school teacher from Epping, supported the bill. She discussed the increasing heat and flooding issues in New Hampshire, including the need for air conditioning in schools and the impact of flooding on commutes and school schedules. She also mentioned her involvement with local farms and the impact of climate change on livestock breeding seasons and produce. She believes the commission proposed in the bill would help understand and mitigate these financial impacts.
HB106: Barb Soued, Bradford, NH Support07:26:58.440 - 3:26:35 PM; Barb Soued, a retired health researcher from Bradford, supported the bill. She discussed the impact of climate change on her rural property, including the increased presence of invasive plants due to hotter and drier summers. She highlighted the financial burden of managing these issues and referenced estimates that New Hampshire faces a minimum of a billion dollars in costs related to climate change. She compared the situation to the tobacco industry, suggesting litigation against big oil to recoup costs.
HB106: EMT Pim, Epping, NH Support07:30:18.920 - 3:29:55 PM; EMT Pim, a student at UNH studying engineering physics, supported the bill. They emphasized the reality of climate change and its problems, suggesting that the bill would help assess local damages and impacts. They encouraged support for the bill to better understand and address these issues.
HB106: Susan Richmond, Durham, NH Support07:31:21.398 - 3:30:58 PM; Susan Richmond from Durham, also speaking for Julia Steed Mosson from Pelham, supported the bill. She discussed her concerns as a mother and grandmother, focusing on the impact of climate change on future generations. She referenced the insurance industry's acknowledgment of increasing costs due to weather events and shared personal experiences with flooding. Julia Steed Mosson's testimony highlighted the new requirement for flood insurance due to increased climate-related risks.
HB106: Katherine Gage, Windham, NH Support07:35:53.718 - 3:35:30 PM; Katherine Gage, a junior at Bowdoin College studying Earth and oceanographic science, supported the bill. She highlighted the link between fossil fuel burning, greenhouse gas increases, and climate-related disasters in New Hampshire. She emphasized the importance of the bill in studying the extent of damages and charging the fossil fuel industry for them. She also mentioned the high level of public support for the bill based on online testimonies.
HB106: Nick Croff, Conservation Law Foundation Support07:38:40.798 - 3:38:17 PM; Nick Croff, a senior attorney with the Conservation Law Foundation, supported the bill. He discussed the financial costs of climate damage to New Hampshire, including impacts on winter tourism, sea coast flooding, and public health. He advocated for the establishment of a commission to study these costs and adapt to them, suggesting that exploring ways to recoup costs aligns with New Hampshire's fiscal conservatism.
HB106: John Gage, Windham, NH Support07:42:43.920 - 3:42:20 PM; John Gage from Windham supported the bill, drawing parallels to the state's actions against PFAS pollution. He emphasized the scientific consensus on climate change, including the IPCC report and Exxon's own climate models from 1982. He criticized the fossil fuel industry for acknowledging the science while funding misinformation. He referenced recent legislation in other states and a Supreme Court ruling, urging New Hampshire to pass the bill to share in the financial recovery from climate damages.
HB106: Representative Julius Soti OpposeNot verbally stated - 3:42:20 PM; Representative Julius Soti submitted written testimony in opposition to the bill, but did not speak verbally at the hearing.

Vose, Michael(Chairman)(R)[A-]2025	Bernardy, JD(Clerk)(R)[B+]2025	Thomas, Douglas(V Chairman)(R)[A-]2025
Notter, Jeanine(R)[A-]2025	Schneller, John(R)[B+]2025	Harrington, Michael(R)[A]2025
McGhee, Kat(D)[CT]2025	Ploszaj, Tom(R)[A-]2025	Mattson, Rita(R)[B+]2025
Raynolds, Ned(D)[D-]2025	Thomas, Wendy(D)[CT]2025	Parshall, Lucius(D)[F]2025
Caplan, Tony(D)[D-]2025	Summers, James(R)[B]2025	Cormen, Thomas(D)[F]2025
Swanson, Dale(D)[D-]2025	Larochelle, John(D)[F]2025	Sabourin dit Choinière, Matt(R)[A-]2025